Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the male prostate gland located directly under the bladder and is one of the genitals.Every 7 men over 35 suffer from prostatitis, and with each naked risk of developing an inflammatory process in the prostate increases under the influence of external and internal factors.
ReasonsInflammation of the prostate gland can develop for various reasons, doctors distinguish the main ones:Violation of blood microcirculation in pelvic organs - this leads to stagnant processes and helps increase the prostate gland. Stagnant processes are facilitated by obesity and the conduct of a sedentary sedentary lifestyle.The entry of bacteria, viruses or protozoa into the fabric in the bottom of an acute or chronic inflammatory process in other organs flowing into the body - diseases such as angina, gonorrhea, uretritis, cystitis, flu, pyelonephritis can cause prostatitis. The causal agents of the infection can enter the prostate with a blood flow and a lymph in case of infection in distant areas and organs.Injuries and bruises of the soft tissue of the abdomen, perineum and external genitals - this leads to edema and altered blood circulation in the damage area;Body hypothermia.Chronic constipation.Hormonal disorders.Stormy or, conversely, absent sex life is harmful, both frequent sexual relations (more than once a day), as well as rare intimate relationships (less often 1 time a week), because this leads to the depletion of the sexual glands or to stagnation in prostate.
Prostatitis symptomsDistinguish the acute and chronic form of the disease.Acute prostatitis is characterized by a sudden beginning in the context of general well-being, which is clinically accompanied by the following symptoms:Chills and weakness;General malaise;increased irritability and nervousness;increase in body temperature (not greater than 37, 5 degrees);Shooting or cutting pain in the bottom of the abdomen and in the perineum;the frequent desire to urinate while preserving the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;The pain and the difficulties of the river with the stool.In the absence of a timely diagnosis and treatment, acute prostatitis can be complicated by a purulent process and the release of urethra pus during urination.
Signs of chronic prostatitisIn the transition of the disease into a chronic form of the course, the clinical signs of prostatitis calm and the patient seems to be recovery. The characteristics of the chronic inflammatory process of the prostate gland burn along the urethra with irradiation to the crotch, which can be improved during urination and defecation. Little by little, the disease progresses and causes helplessness. Chronic prostatitis implies periods of remission and exacerbation, but even at moments of exacerbation, the symptoms will be erased, not as pronounced as in an acute form. The following symptoms appear clinically:difficulties with an erection;The inability to finish sex with ejaculation;decrease in libido;excretion of the urethra mucus with a mixture of white flakes; A feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;Drawing pain in the lower back, pubis and groin;A low urine flow - this is observed following the narrowing of the light of the urethra on the bottom of its compression of an enlarged prostate.The slow chronic inflammatory process in the urethra is irritating for the nerve endings of the basin and causes constant urination, especially at night. Many men are embarrassed to see a doctor with such a delicate problem, which increases the risk of developing such serious complications such as complete erectile dysfunction, infertility and even prostate cancer.In addition, from a chronic infection in a prostate with a blood flow and lymphatics, pathogens enter the kidneys, causing acute inflammation, urinary retention and increases the risk of kidney failure.The constant accumulation of urine in the bladder and the urethra creates favorable conditions for the formation of salt crystals, then stones - very often prostatitis in men takes place in parallel with urolithiasis.
Diagnostic methodsThe diagnosis, treatment and prevention of prostatitis are carried out by an urologist. To make a diagnosis, determine the form and cause of the inflammatory process in the prostate gland, a certain number of exams are prescribed:The palpation of the prostate - is carried out through the rectum and allows you to detect an increase in the size, the pain, the release of pus or mucus after palpation;Small release of the urethra - The resulting equipment is sent to study in the laboratory;Urine analysis is general, etc. ;Ultrasound of the pelvic organs and the gland of the prostate.If the pathological process is suspected of spreading the pathological process to the patient, the patient is also carried out by cystoscopy - examination of the walls of the bladder using a flexible device equipped with an optical system at the end.In the diagnosis of prostatitis, it is very important to differentiate the pathological process from prostate adenoma and other urological diseases with a similar clinical evolution.
TreatmentThe treatment of the acute and chronic form of prostatitis differs, so that patients are highly recommended not to self-mediate.The acute non-bacterial form of prostatitis is treated globally using preparations based on plants and anti-inflammatory drugs.
Treatment of acute bacterial prostatitisThe principles of therapy for the acute form of bacterial prostatitis depend directly on how the symptoms of the disease are pronounced.A distinctive characteristic of bacterial prostatitis is the acute beginning and the rapid increase in signs of body intoxication - nausea, vomiting, headache, high body temperature. The bladder emptying process is accompanied by cutting pain at the bottom of the abdomen and in the perineum, which are given at the lower back. Very often, the purulent process joins and the abscess develops.Treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis is carried out in a hospital because the patient's condition can be extremely serious. Therapy consists of a complex approach:The patient must observe the rest of the bed;Antibiotics are prescribed - macrolides, fluoroquinolons, cephalosporins; The preparations that improve blood microcirculation in the pelvic organs are selected. They provide the flow of lymph and venous blood, which reduces the severity of edema and the inflammatory process of the prostate;Inside, orally, drugs from a group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are presented. These drugs not only reduce the inflammatory process, but also eliminate pain syndrome;Analgesics - You can take tablets inside or introduce rectal candles into the rectum;To eliminate intoxication from the body, a physiological sodium solution with glucose is prescribed intravenously.Important! Prostate massage is strictly prohibited, as the risk of septicemia is high.
Surgical treatmentSurgical intervention for prostatitis is only required if the patient develops a strong delay in the urine and there is no way to empty the bladder. You cannot do without surgery and in the event of abscess of the prostate gland.The prostatitic processing course lasts 14 days, after which the patient is once again carrying out a complete examination to assess the effectiveness of therapy. If necessary, the evolution of treatment is prolonged and adjusted.
Chronic treatmentThe treatment of chronic prostatitis differs and largely depends on the stage of the course the pathological process. In the event of exacerbation of the inflammatory process, therapy is carried out in the same way, as in acute prostatitis.The treatment of chronic prostatitis during the remission is as follows:The supply of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Present the drugs twice a day of at least 3 days, sometimes up to 5 days.Preparations that contribute to improving venous and lymphatic flow. Immunomodulators.Antidepressants and sedatives help normalize sleep, eliminate irritability.Polyvitamin complexes rich in zinc, selenium, vitamins of group V.In the phase of remission of the inflammatory prostate process, the patient is presented to the physiotherapeutic treatment:prostate massage;ultrasound;electrophoresis;magnetotherapy;Microwave hyperthermia.
Surgical treatment of chronic prostatitisWith neglected chronic prostatitis, the patient sometimes needs surgery. It can be done in two ways:transuretral resection;Prostatectomy.
Transuretral resectionThis surgical treatment method refers to mini-invasive interventions, although it is carried out under general anesthesia. During the procedure, a relationoscope is introduced under the urethra, through which electric current impulses are provided. These electrical impulses act on the principle of an electrical noise and partially eliminate the fabric of the prostate gland. A huge more of this method of intervention is the lack of blood loss, as electric waves eliminate not only the modified fabrics of the prostate, but also immediately treat blood vessels, preventing bleeding.Transuretral resection considerably facilitates the patient's condition - after surgery, urination is restored, man no longer burns in the crotch, he does not jump in the toilet at night. Erectile function and normal ejaculation are also restored. The entire process of the operation is controlled by a doctor on the monitor screen, so the risk of complications during operations or immediately after its minimum.
ProstatectomyProstatectomy is a serious abdominal operation and is always associated with the risks for the patient. During the operation, the doctor completely removes the prostate gland or most. The recovery period is 4 to 6 weeks, there is a high risk of developing postoperative complications, but sometimes this surgical intervention method is the only way to relieve the patient's condition and eliminate the consequences of the severe evolution of prostatitis.Other methods of treatment for chronic prostatitisOther methods of treatment of a chronic form of prostatitis include:Hirudotherapy - or treatment with leeches. Medical leeches are installed in the inflammation area, which, in the process of their actions, is released with a saliva substance that puts blood in order, which eliminates stagnant phenomena and quickly relieves the inflammatory process. Leeks are only used special, medical, individual for each patient. After the procedure, the doctor puts the leech used in a desjector in which she dies. It is optimal to spend at least 5 hirudotherapy lessons.Cryodestructure - Liquid nitrogen is used. This processing method is demonstrated to patients who are ill-leaving for drug treatment, and the operation is contraindicated for any reason.Microwave therapy in a special way - electromagnetic waves affect the prostate gland. After 1 procedure, tissue edema decreases, blood circulation is standardized and stagnation is eliminated. After doing the course of electromagnetic therapy, the patient completely restores urination and erectile function. Ultrasound treatment - allows you to quickly stop the inflammatory process that occurs in the remission phase, and ultrasonic therapy is not carried out during exacerbation. To improve the therapeutic effect, drugs can also be used, which, under the influence of ultrasound, enter the prostate fabric directly.Setting of the urethra - The essence of the procedure is to install a special stent in the urethra, which widens the light of the urethra and promotes a normal urinary output. Despite the effectiveness of the procedure, the urethra stenting only eliminates the clinical symptoms of prostatitis, but does not save the patient from the chronic inflammatory process.
Consequences and complicationsIn the absence of qualified therapy, prostatitis progresses rapidly, goes into the chronic form of the current and threatens the health of a man with his serious complications, in particular:urolithiasis;pyelonephritis;abscess development;The spread of the inflammatory process to testicles and seed strings, which leads to infertility;erectile dysfunction and helplessness;Necrotic changes in the fabrics of the prostate gland.Sometimes, for a long time prostatitis and chronic stagnant processes give momentum to the degeneration of the disease in adenoma, then to prostate cancer.
